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Kaksad (Manda Dev Jatara)

The social structure of the tribal Muria society is divided into pariganas or it should be said that their gods have divided them into their spheres of influence i.e. pariganas at the time of creating this society. The Jatra of the Mandadeva (main deity) of these parganas who is also called Gotra Devta is called Kaksad, Karsad or Kharsad. This dance is a collective special worship of musical deities. It is organized in the main village of Parganas where there is a temple of the main deity. Before organizing the event, an important meeting of all the people of the villages under the pargana is held. In this, the day of Jatara is determined. This meeting takes place about a month before the day of Jatra, so that timely information can be conveyed to the deities under the deity. Because the gods under Mandadev also reside in other provinces. In the past, the followers of this deity settled far and wide to earn and eat and when their clan grew, they needed their gods who possessed divine qualities to protect themselves or Mandadev made them the servants of any of their relatives, that is why the gods under Manda Dev are spread far and wide. All these are communicated through proper channel.


The Jatara of Mandadevata is a large event, which is of three days. On the first day, the deities under Mandadev arrive, on this night drum dance is done in honor of the gods. On the second day, the main event is the mass special worship of the deities. On the third day, everyone is sent off by offering sacrifices in honor of the gods. People from the villages around the pargana come and make all the preparations. Dev Gudi is cleaned, coated and potted. A canopy is built to accommodate gods and people. Chhapar (pavilion) is also made for cooking and eating. Wood is arranged for cooking for all the people who arrive. Apart from this preparation, similar preparations are also made for their guests coming to each house from nearby villages. On the eve of Jatara, people arrive with the gods. All the visitors are welcomed by Mati Ganyata, Pujari, Dev Manjhi and enthroned the deities at the appropriate place



To enthrone the deities, there are chapars (pavilions) on both sides of the temple courtyard. On the one hand, the gods of the clan of Manda Dev are enthroned. These deities are called "Mando Dev", which means the god of the pavilion. These include the sons of Manda Dev, their wives, brothers, their wives, their sons, daughters-in-law, grandchildren, their wives. All these are placed on one side of the pavilion. Similarly, Manda Dev's sisters, sisters-brothers-in-law, his sons and daughters, Mandadev's daughters, daughters-in-law, their sons and daughters, all of them are enthroned right in front of them. All of them are called "God of Tado". Which means creeper or vine in Hindi. After enthroned all the deities, Mati Ganyata worships by showing incense and lamps in front of everyone. At this time it is tested whether all the gods have come with their own power and happiness. For this, rice is placed in front of the gods and rice is interrupted from the chick. If the chick has chewed rice, it is understood that everything is fine, otherwise God is asked to remove their displeasure and they are pleased according to the deity. This is followed by dinner.



On this day, after dinner, traditional instruments Nangra, Truduri, Nishan Mohri (Shehnai) are played in the temple courtyard. These instruments are called "Ganda Baja" or "Dev Baja". At this time, all the heads present here come riding the deity and they start playing on their tunes in front of Dev Baja. All the gods have a favorite tune called "pada". As soon as the deity reaches in front of Dev Baja. Kushal Nangarchi (Nangara) Mohariya (Shehnai player) plays the scaffold of that deity and the deity plays in his tune with enthusiasm. The women of the village also come to the night event. At this time, the boys of the village come beating drums. The drum is a belligerent instrument, whose feet start dancing as soon as it is played. As the drums beat, the women present there start dancing with each other. The gods playing in front of the traditional instrument join the dance of these women. This sequence continues till late night. Then rest. After this, the drum is played once again with the croaking of the Kukdabasi and there is a man-woman dance with the gods, which goes on till light.



This is the second day of the event. All retire from daily work and gather in the temple courtyard. Mati Ganyata worships the gods along with Manda Dev. After worship, Manda Dev is taken to every house in the village where he is seated. Where they keep the courtyard wrapped to welcome them. On the arrival of the deity, he is welcomed by pouring water, then after duly worshiping, oil-turmeric paste is applied on him. This is done in all homes. After returning from the village, there is food and rest. In the afternoon, traditional music is played in the courtyard of the deity. The deity rides on the heads present here and they come in front of Dev Baja and start playing on their own tunes. The boys beat the drums and the women present there queue up and dance with galabaah. In the row of these women, the gods on the heads also play with them. The women of the village bring liquor in honor of their adorable gods and offer oblations to the liquor while playing, people garland their deities with flowers. They do tilak with redness. This dance goes on till evening. After this, all the deities go to take a bath in the traditional Dev pond. Dev pond is never used for disposal. After this, everyone returns to the temple. Where everyone is worshiped collectively. Rest is done at night.



The third day is farewell in the morning. Today, mass worship of all the deities is done in the presence of everyone and the people accompanying the deity sacrifice the old animal brought in honor of Manda Dev. When Manda Dev allocates one village to the gods under him and makes the majority of the people of one gotra living there the servants of that god, then the people of that village make Manda Dev the sacrifice of the captive animal. They fulfill the same Karad in the Jatra of Manda Dev. After the sacrifice, the head of the bound animal is offered to Manda Dev and the torso is given back to the people of the village. Which they cook and eat around the temple. After lunch, all the coming deities are given a respectful farewell by offering them on behalf of Manda Dev. In this way, the Jatra of Manda Dev is completed.




S.S.Kange

M.B. 9406104255

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